(三)利用背景知識和常識

充分利用背景知識，可以降低文章難度，幫助考生解題。在解答完形填空題時，考生的英語語言知識應該與已儲存在記憶中的有關世界的各種知識發生互動。因為完形填空的短文內容經常與日常生活相關，而有的東西對于我們來說就是常識，利用常識來幫助解題，的確可以提高解題效率。尤其是當考生對自己的語言知識不太自信時，可以充分利用社會知識和科普常識來幫助判斷。

(四)解題要靈活。避免思維定勢

這里的“靈活”，不僅指前面所提到的做題順序要靈活，還指不要死板地套用一些知識，要根據題意靈活地運用所學知識來確定答案。同時，一定要避免思維定勢，不要一看到某個詞，就理所當然地認為它應該和哪個詞搭配在一起，要充分考慮一下其他的選項，這樣才能確定最終的答案。

其實，所謂解題技巧也是建立在扎實的基本功基礎上的。所以，要做好完形填空題，最重要的還是要加強英語語言的基本功練習。在專業知識的基礎上，再利用一些解題技巧和策略，可以極大地幫助提高解題效率。

下面以真題為例進行分析.以便考生能夠熟悉前面所講述的解題技巧。

Passage

In every cultivated language there are two great classes of words, which makes up the whole vocabulary. First, there are those words(56)which we become familiar in daily conversation,which we(57), that is to say, from the(58)of our own family and from our friends, and (59)we should know and use(60)we could not read or write. They (61)the common

things of life with all the people who(62)the language. Such words may be called "popular",since they belong to the people(63)and are not excluded(64)a limited class.

On the other hand, our language(65)a large number of words which are comparatively(66)used in ordinary conversation. Their meanings are known to every educated person, but there is little(67)to use them at home or in the market-place. Our(68)acquaintance(熟悉)with them comes not from our mother' s(69)or from the talk of our schoolmates,(70)frombooks that we read, lectures that we(71), or the more(72)conversation of highly educated speakers who are discussing some particular(73)in a style properly higher above the habitual (74)of everyday life. Such words are called "learned", and the(75)between them and the"popular" words is of great importance to a right understanding of language study process.

56. A. at

B. with

C. by

D. through

57. A. study

B. imitate

C. stimulate

D. learn

58. A. mates

B. relatives

C. members

D. fellows

59. A. which

B. that

C. those

D. ones

60. A. even

B. despite

C. even if

D. in spite of

61. A. mind

B. concern

C. care

D. relate

62. A. hire

B. apply

C. adopt

D. use

63. A. in public

B. at most

C. at large

D. at best

64. A. in

B. from

C. with

D. on

65. A. consists

B. consists of

C. makes

D. composeg

66. A. seldom

B. much

C. greatly

D. often

67. A. possibility

B. way

C. reason

D. necessity

68. A. primary

B. first

C. principal

D. prior

69. A. tips

B. mouth

C. ears

D. tongue

70. A. besides

B. and

C. yet

D. but

71. A. hear of

B. attend

C. hear from

D. listen

72. A. former

B. formula

C. formal

D. forward

73. A. theme

B. topic

C. idea

D. point

74. A. border

B. link

C. degree

D. extent

75. A. relation

B. distinction

C. connection

D. similarity

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